9router/gitbook/content/en/troubleshooting.md

Troubleshooting

Common issues and solutions when using 9Router.

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"Language model did not provide messages"

Problem: Request fails with empty response or error message.

Causes:

• Provider quota exhausted
• API key invalid or expired
• Model not available

Solutions:

1. Check quota status:

   Dashboard → Providers → View quota tracker
   

   If quota is exhausted, wait for reset or switch provider.

2. Use combo fallback:

   Dashboard → Combos → Create fallback chain
   Example: cc/claude-opus → glm/glm-4.7 → if/kimi-k2
   

3. Verify provider connection:

   Dashboard → Providers → Reconnect if needed
   

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Rate Limiting

Problem: "Rate limit exceeded" or "Too many requests" errors.

Causes:

• Subscription quota depleted (5-hour/daily/weekly limits)
• API rate limits hit
• Too many concurrent requests

Solutions:

1. Check reset time:

   Dashboard → Quota Tracking → View reset countdown
   

2. Switch to cheap tier:

   Use: glm/glm-4.7 ($0.6/1M tokens)
        minimax/MiniMax-M2.1 ($0.20/1M tokens)
   

3. Add fallback combo:

   Dashboard → Combos → Add backup models
   Primary: cc/claude-opus (subscription)
   Backup: glm/glm-4.7 (cheap)
   Emergency: if/kimi-k2 (free)
   

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OAuth Token Expired

Problem: "Unauthorized" or "Token expired" errors.

Causes:

• OAuth token expired (auto-refresh failed)
• Provider session invalidated
• Network issues during refresh

Solutions:

1. Auto-refresh (default): 9Router automatically refreshes tokens. Wait 30 seconds and retry.

2. Manual reconnect:

   Dashboard → Providers → [Provider Name] → Reconnect
   → Complete OAuth flow again
   

3. Check provider status: Verify provider service is online (Claude Code, Codex, etc.)

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High Costs

Problem: Unexpected high usage or costs.

Causes:

• Using expensive models unnecessarily
• No fallback to cheaper tiers
• Large context windows

Solutions:

1. Check usage stats:

   Dashboard → Usage Stats → View token consumption
   → Identify high-cost models
   

2. Switch to cheaper models:

   Replace: cc/claude-opus ($20-100/month subscription)
   With: glm/glm-4.7 ($0.6/1M tokens)
         minimax/MiniMax-M2.1 ($0.20/1M tokens)
   

3. Use free tier:

   if/kimi-k2-thinking (FREE)
   qw/qwen3-coder-plus (FREE)
   kr/claude-sonnet-4.5 (FREE)
   gc/gemini-3-flash-preview (FREE 180K/month)
   

4. Optimize prompts:

   • Reduce context size
   • Use streaming for long responses
   • Cache common prompts

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Connection Refused

Problem: "ECONNREFUSED" or "Cannot connect to localhost:20128".

Causes:

• 9Router not running
• Port 20128 blocked
• Firewall blocking connection

Solutions:

1. Start 9Router:

   9router
   

   Dashboard should open at http://localhost:3000

2. Verify port 20128:

   # Check if port is listening
   lsof -i :20128
   
   # Or on Windows
   netstat -ano | findstr :20128
   

3. Check firewall:

   • macOS: System Settings → Network → Firewall
   • Windows: Windows Defender Firewall → Allow app
   • Linux: sudo ufw allow 20128

4. Use cloud endpoint: If localhost doesn't work (e.g., Cursor IDE):

   Endpoint: https://9router.com/v1
   

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Dashboard Not Opening

Problem: Dashboard doesn't load at http://localhost:3000.

Causes:

• Port 3000 already in use
• 9Router crashed
• Browser cache issues

Solutions:

1. Check if 9Router is running:

   # Check process
   ps aux | grep 9router
   
   # Check port 3000
   lsof -i :3000
   

2. Kill conflicting process:

   # macOS/Linux
   lsof -ti:3000 | xargs kill -9
   
   # Windows
   netstat -ano | findstr :3000
   taskkill /PID <PID> /F
   

3. Restart 9Router:

   # Stop
   pkill -f 9router
   
   # Start
   9router
   

4. Clear browser cache:

   • Chrome: Ctrl+Shift+Delete → Clear cache
   • Try incognito mode

5. Check firewall settings: Ensure port 3000 is not blocked.

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Model Not Found

Problem: "Model not found" or "Invalid model" errors.

Causes:

• Provider not connected
• Model ID typo
• Provider inactive

Solutions:

1. Verify provider connection:

   Dashboard → Providers → Check status (green = active)
   

2. Check model ID format:

   Correct: cc/claude-opus-4-5-20251101
   Wrong: claude-opus-4-5-20251101
   
   Format: [provider-prefix]/[model-name]
   

3. List available models:

   curl http://localhost:20128/v1/models \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer your-api-key"
   

4. Reconnect provider:

   Dashboard → Providers → [Provider] → Reconnect
   

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Slow Response

Problem: Requests take too long or timeout.

Causes:

• Provider latency
• Network issues
• Large context/response
• Provider rate limiting

Solutions:

1. Check provider status:

   Dashboard → Providers → View latency stats
   

2. Switch to faster model:

   Fast: cc/claude-haiku-4-5 (Haiku is faster than Opus)
         gc/gemini-3-flash-preview
         qw/qwen3-coder-flash
   

3. Use streaming:

   {
     "model": "cc/claude-opus-4-5",
     "messages": [...],
     "stream": true
   }
   

4. Check network:

   # Test latency
   ping api.anthropic.com
   ping api.openai.com
   

5. Reduce context size:

   • Trim message history
   • Use smaller prompts
   • Enable context pruning in CLI tool

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API Key Invalid

Problem: "Invalid API key" or "Authentication failed" errors.

Causes:

• Wrong API key copied
• API key expired
• API key not generated

Solutions:

1. Regenerate API key:

   Dashboard → Settings → API Keys → Generate New Key
   → Copy and use new key
   

2. Verify key format:

   Correct: 9r_xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
   Wrong: Missing 9r_ prefix
   

3. Check key in CLI config:

   # Cursor
   Settings → Models → OpenAI API Key
   
   # Cline
   Settings → API Key
   
   # Environment variable
   export OPENAI_API_KEY="9r_your_key"
   

4. Test API key:

   curl http://localhost:20128/v1/models \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer 9r_your_key"
   

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Need More Help?

• GitHub Issues: github.com/decolua/9router/issues
• Documentation: 9router.com/docs
• FAQ: faq.md